05-Oct-2020 | Market Research Store
A team has developed human retinas in the lab with the purpose of using it to replace specific types of cells that are affected by the genetic eye diseases. This new finding is expected to speed up the development of latest therapies. The Institute for Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel (IOB) researchers along with their colleagues from the Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research developed retina that is important for capturing and managing the visual information. In the human body, the retinas are comprised of several light sensitive cells and nerves that are stacked to form five layers that together transfer the signal to the brain for helping people see.
Organoids is the term given to the in-vitro cultured retinas that are derived from pluripotent stem cells that were then lured to self-arrange into this five-layered structure. The surface layers of the mature organoids captured light to deliver visual impulses through synapses to the other layers. The team was able to generate uniform retinal organoids that the researchers can use to obtain valuable information. On studying the organoids genetically, the researchers found the transcriptomes of these cells to be stable at the developed state with similarity to the retinal cell types. Then, the team also found the organoids to retain light sensitivity and healthy functional circuitry for up to 16 hours compared to the donated retinas that are soon damaged due to lack of oxygen and blood flow.
With time, there was a similarity in the cell-specific transcriptomes in the real retinas and the maturing organoids. Thus, making it best option in case of retinal disease treatment. The idea of growing high-quality retinas using pluripotent stem cells of the patients is likely to provide a wealth of therapeutic opportunities. Moreover, the development of transcriptome atlas will help easily detect the disease gene expression such that proper gene therapy is given to treat the condition.
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